Using a geodetic quality Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receiver mounted on a multi-copter, this paper discusses techniques for precisely localizing Long Term Evolution (LTE) transmit antennas. Code and carrier phase tracking noise is analyzed theoretically and experimentally for the LTE Cell Reference Signal (CRS) through a time-domain code replica. This paper inherits a previous concept of estimating the LTE transmitter states (Hameed et al., 2023) and extends it with carrier phase measurements for a dynamic receiver equipped with an on-board atomic clock. A research-oriented Amarisoft base station is used to transmit two LTE Physical Cell IDs (PCI) from two different antennas. The two LTE PCIs are tracked using a static base and dynamic rover configuration. The reception of two distinct PCIs allows the computation of LTE-only double-difference (DD) observations which are used for precise localization of the base station position. The paper presents findings for four localization configurations, with three of them involving the use of a Kalman Filter (KF) for both undifferenced and double-difference observations, and the fourth configuration employing an least-squares optimization technique for double-difference observations. The localization results are compared against ground truth measurements and subjected to analysis considering the absolute error and variance for three receiver trajectories. Considering the relative position error of the two LTE position estimates, a precision of below 10 cm is achieved in the East and North components and 25 cm in the Up component.    «

Using a geodetic quality Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receiver mounted on a multi-copter, this paper discusses techniques for precisely localizing Long Term Evolution (LTE) transmit antennas. Code and carrier phase tracking noise is analyzed theoretically and experimentally for the LTE Cell Reference Signal (CRS) through a time-domain code replica. This paper inherits a previous concept of estimating the LTE transmitter states (Hameed et al., 2023) and extends it with carrie...    »